మూస:Infobox niobium

నియోబియం, ₀₀Nb

నియోబియం
Pronunciation	/naɪˈoʊbiəm/ ​(ny-OH-bee-əm)
Appearance	gray metallic, bluish when oxidized
Standard atomic weight Ar°(Nb)
	92.90637±0.00001 92.906±0.001 (abridged)
నియోబియం in the periodic table
Group	group 5
Period	period 5
Block
Electrons per shell	2, 8, 18, 12, 1
Physical properties
Phase at STP	solid
Melting point	2750 K ​(2477 °C, ​4491 °F)
Boiling point	5017 K ​(4744 °C, ​8571 °F)
Density (near r.t.)	8.57 g/cm3
Heat of fusion	30 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization	689.9 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	24.60 J/(mol·K)
Vapor pressure P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k at T (K) 2942 3207 3524 3910 4393 5013
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	−3, −1, 0, +1, +2, +3, +4, +5 (a mildly acidic oxide)
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 1.6
Atomic radius	empirical: 146 pm
Covalent radius	164±6 pm
Other properties
Natural occurrence	primordial
Crystal structure	​body-centered cubic (bcc)
Speed of sound thin rod	3480 m/s (at 20 °C)
Thermal expansion	7.3 µm/(m⋅K)
Thermal conductivity	53.7 W/(m⋅K)
Electrical resistivity	152 n Ω⋅m (at 0 °C)
Magnetic ordering	paramagnetic
Young's modulus	105 GPa
Shear modulus	38 GPa
Bulk modulus	170 GPa
Poisson ratio	0.40
Mohs hardness	6.0
Vickers hardness	1320 MPa
Brinell hardness	736 MPa
CAS Number	7440-03-1
History
Discovery	Charles Hatchett (1801)
First isolation	Christian Wilhelm Blomstrand (1864)
రసాయన మూలకం గా గుర్తించినవారు	Heinrich Rose (1844)
Isotopes of నియోబియం

References

These references will appear in the article, but this list appears only on this page.