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{{About|the district|the historical town|Sravasti}}
{{India Districts
|Name = Shravasti
|Local = श्रावस्ती जिला
|State = Uttar Pradesh
|Division = [[Devipatan division|Devipatan]]
|HQ = Bhinga
|Map = Uttar Pradesh district location map Shravasti.svg
|Area = 1858.2
|Rain =
|Population = 1,114,615
|Urban =
|Year = 2011
|Density =
|Literacy = 49.13 per cent
|SexRatio =
|Tehsils = 2
|LokSabha = [[Shrawasti (Lok Sabha constituency)|Shravasti]]
|Assembly =
|Highways =
|Website = http://shravasti.nic.in
}}
'''Shravasti District''' is one of the [[Districts of Uttar Pradesh|districts]] of the [[Uttar Pradesh]] [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[India]] and [[Bhinga]] town is district headquarters. Shravasti district is a part of [[Devipatan Division]]. According to Government of India, the district Shravasti is one of the minority concentrated district in India on the basis of the 2001 census data on population, socio-economic indicators and basic amenities indicators.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://pib.nic.in/release/release.asp?relid=28770 |title=Press Information Bureau English Releases |publisher=Pib.nic.in |date= |accessdate=2012-07-23}}</ref>

==History==
{{main|Sravasti}}
Shravasti, the north-eastern town of [[Uttar Pradesh]], is located near the [[West Rapti River]]. This town is closely associated with the life of [[Gautama Buddha]], who is believed to have spent 24 [[Chaturmas]]es here.<ref>http://www.hindustantimes.com/Travel/TravelStories/The-Ananda-Bodhi-at-Shravasti/Article1-905851.aspx</ref> Age-old [[stupa]]s, majestic [[vihara]]s and several [[temple]]s near the village of "Sahet-Mahet" establish Buddha's association with Shravasti. It is being said that the [[Vedic Bharat period]] king Sravast founded this town. Shravasti was the capital of the [[Kosala Kingdom]] during 6th century BC to 6th century AD. This prosperous trading center was well known for its religious associations. Sobhanath [[Derasar|temple]] is believed to be the birthplace of the [[Tirthankara]] [[Sambhavanath]] in [[Jainism]], making Shravasti an important center for Jains. According to [[Nagarjuna]], the city had a [[population]] of 900,000 in 5th century BCE and it even overshadowed [[Magadha]]'s capital, [[Rajgir]].

As mentioned in the 'Bruhatkalpa' and various [[Kalpa (Vedanga)|Kalpas]] of the fourteenth century, the name of the city was Mahid. There are subsequent mentions showing that the name of this city was Sahet-Mahet. It is also mentioned that a vast fort covered this city in which there were many [[mandir|temples]] having idols of Devkulikas.

Today a great [[Defensive wall|rampart]] of earth and brick surrounds this city. During [[Excavation (archaeology)|excavation]] in 'Sahet-Mahet' near Shravasti City, many ancient idols and inscriptions were found. They are now kept in museums of Mathura and Lucknow. At present, the archaeological department of the [[India]]n Government is doing excavation to perform allied research.

==Geography==
[http://www.shrawasti.com/ Shravasti ]—part of historic [[Awadh]]—was carved out from [[Gonda district]] on the south and [[Bahraich district|Bahraich]] on the west. Shrawasti also borders [[Balrampur district|Balrampur]] on the east, and [[Nepal]]'s districts [[Dang Deukhuri District|Dang-Deukhuri]] to the northeast and [[Banke district nepal]] to the northwest. Shravasti district headquarters [[Bhinga]] is about 170 kilometres from Lucknow [up state headquarter ] the [[List of state and union territory capitals in India|state capital]].

==Economy==
In 2006 the [[Ministry of Panchayati Raj]] named Shravasti one of the country's 250 [[Poverty in India|most backward districts]] (out of a total of [[Districts of India|640]]).<ref name=brgf/> It is one of the 34 districts in Uttar Pradesh currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF).<ref name=brgf>{{cite web|author=Ministry of Panchayati Raj|date=September 8, 2009|title=A Note on the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme|publisher=National Institute of Rural Development|url=http://www.nird.org.in/brgf/doc/brgf_BackgroundNote.pdf|accessdate=September 27, 2011}}</ref>

==Demographics==
According to the [[2011 census of India|2011 census]] Shravasti district has a [[Demographics of India|population]] of 1,114,615,<ref name=districtcensus>{{cite web | url = http://www.census2011.co.in/district.php | title = District Census 2011 | accessdate = 2011-09-30 | year = 2011 | publisher = Census2011.co.in}}</ref> roughly equal to the nation of [[Cyprus]]<ref name="cia">{{cite web | author = US Directorate of Intelligence | title = Country Comparison:Population | url = https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html | accessdate = 2011-10-01 | quote =
Cyprus
1,120,489
July 2011 est.
}}</ref> or the US state of [[Rhode Island]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php|title=2010 Resident Population Data|publisher=U. S. Census Bureau|accessdate=2011-09-30| quote =
Rhode Island
1,052,567
}}</ref> This gives it a ranking of 414th in India (out of a total of [[Districts of India|640]]).<ref name=districtcensus/>
The district has a population density of {{convert| 572 |PD/sqkm|PD/sqmi}} .<ref name=districtcensus/> Its [[Family planning in India|population growth rate]] over the decade 2001-2011 was -5.25 %.<ref name=districtcensus/> Shrawasti has a [[sex ratio]] of 875 [[Women in India|females]] for every 1000 males,<ref name=districtcensus/> and a [[Literacy in India|literacy rate]] of 49.13%.<ref name=districtcensus/>

==Education==
With a literacy rate of 34.2 per cent in 2001, it had the lowest literacy rate amongst districts in Uttar Pradesh.<ref>{{cite web| url =http://www.educationforallinindia.com/page172.html | title =Seminar On Progress Of Literacy In India: What The Census 2001 Preveals Niepa, New Delhi, October 05, 2002 | last = | first = | work =India’s Literacy Panorama | publisher = educationforallinindia.com |accessdate = 2010-08-17 }}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==

{{Geographic location
|Centre = Shravasti district
|North = {{NEP|Nepal}}
|Northeast =
|East = [[Balrampur district]]
|Southeast =
|South = [[Gonda district]]
|Southwest =
|West = [[Bahraich district]]
|Northwest =
}}

{{Shravasti district}}
{{Districts of Uttar Pradesh}}
{{Devipatan division topics}}
{{Minority Concentrated Districts in India}}

{{coord|27.701958|N|81.934845|E|type:adm3rd_source:itwiki|display=title}}

[[Category:Districts of Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:Shravasti district| ]]
[[Category:Minority Concentrated Districts in India]]
[[Category:Districts in India]]

== వెలుపలి లింకులు ==
== వెలుపలి లింకులు ==
{{Commons category}}
{{Commons category}}

14:27, 16 డిసెంబరు 2014 నాటి కూర్పు

This article is about the district. For the historical town, see Sravasti.
Shravasti జిల్లా
श्रावस्ती जिला
జిల్లా
Uttar Pradesh పటంలో Shravasti జిల్లా స్థానం
Uttar Pradesh పటంలో Shravasti జిల్లా స్థానం
దేశంభారతదేశం
రాష్ట్రంUttar Pradesh
డివిజనుDevipatan
ముఖ్య పట్టణంBhinga
మండలాలు2
Government
 • లోకసభ నియోజకవర్గాలుShravasti
Area
 • మొత్తం1,858.2 km2 (717.5 sq mi)
Population
 (2011)
 • మొత్తం11,14,615
 • Density600/km2 (1,600/sq mi)
జనాభా వివరాలు
 • అక్షరాస్యత49.13 per cent
Websiteఅధికారిక జాలస్థలి

Shravasti District is one of the districts of the Uttar Pradesh state of India and Bhinga town is district headquarters. Shravasti district is a part of Devipatan Division. According to Government of India, the district Shravasti is one of the minority concentrated district in India on the basis of the 2001 census data on population, socio-economic indicators and basic amenities indicators.[1]

History

ప్రధాన వ్యాసం: Sravasti

Shravasti, the north-eastern town of Uttar Pradesh, is located near the West Rapti River. This town is closely associated with the life of Gautama Buddha, who is believed to have spent 24 Chaturmases here.[2] Age-old stupas, majestic viharas and several temples near the village of "Sahet-Mahet" establish Buddha's association with Shravasti. It is being said that the Vedic Bharat period king Sravast founded this town. Shravasti was the capital of the Kosala Kingdom during 6th century BC to 6th century AD. This prosperous trading center was well known for its religious associations. Sobhanath temple is believed to be the birthplace of the Tirthankara Sambhavanath in Jainism, making Shravasti an important center for Jains. According to Nagarjuna, the city had a population of 900,000 in 5th century BCE and it even overshadowed Magadha's capital, Rajgir.

As mentioned in the 'Bruhatkalpa' and various Kalpas of the fourteenth century, the name of the city was Mahid. There are subsequent mentions showing that the name of this city was Sahet-Mahet. It is also mentioned that a vast fort covered this city in which there were many temples having idols of Devkulikas.

Today a great rampart of earth and brick surrounds this city. During excavation in 'Sahet-Mahet' near Shravasti City, many ancient idols and inscriptions were found. They are now kept in museums of Mathura and Lucknow. At present, the archaeological department of the Indian Government is doing excavation to perform allied research.

Geography

Shravasti —part of historic Awadh—was carved out from Gonda district on the south and Bahraich on the west. Shrawasti also borders Balrampur on the east, and Nepal's districts Dang-Deukhuri to the northeast and Banke district nepal to the northwest. Shravasti district headquarters Bhinga is about 170 kilometres from Lucknow [up state headquarter ] the state capital.

Economy

In 2006 the Ministry of Panchayati Raj named Shravasti one of the country's 250 most backward districts (out of a total of 640).[3] It is one of the 34 districts in Uttar Pradesh currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF).[3]

Demographics

According to the 2011 census Shravasti district has a population of 1,114,615,[4] roughly equal to the nation of Cyprus[5] or the US state of Rhode Island.[6] This gives it a ranking of 414th in India (out of a total of 640).[4] The district has a population density of 572 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,480/sq mi) .[4] Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was -5.25 %.[4] Shrawasti has a sex ratio of 875 females for every 1000 males,[4] and a literacy rate of 49.13%.[4]

Education

With a literacy rate of 34.2 per cent in 2001, it had the lowest literacy rate amongst districts in Uttar Pradesh.[7]

References

  1. ↑ "Press Information Bureau English Releases". Pib.nic.in. Retrieved 2012-07-23.
  2. ↑ http://www.hindustantimes.com/Travel/TravelStories/The-Ananda-Bodhi-at-Shravasti/Article1-905851.aspx
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Ministry of Panchayati Raj (September 8, 2009). "A Note on the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme" (PDF). National Institute of Rural Development. Retrieved September 27, 2011.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 "District Census 2011". Census2011.co.in. 2011. Retrieved 2011-09-30.
  5. ↑ US Directorate of Intelligence. "Country Comparison:Population". Retrieved 2011-10-01. Cyprus 1,120,489 July 2011 est. {{cite web}}: line feed character in |quote= at position 7 (help)
  6. ↑ "2010 Resident Population Data". U. S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 2011-09-30. Rhode Island 1,052,567 {{cite web}}: line feed character in |quote= at position 13 (help)
  7. ↑ "Seminar On Progress Of Literacy In India: What The Census 2001 Preveals Niepa, New Delhi, October 05, 2002". India’s Literacy Panorama. educationforallinindia.com. Retrieved 2010-08-17.

External links

మూస:Shravasti district

మూస:Devipatan division topics మూస:Minority Concentrated Districts in India

27°42′07″N 81°56′05″E / 27.701958°N 81.934845°E / 27.701958; 81.934845

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