వికీపీడియా:Template limits పేజీ సోర్సు చూడండి

{{infopage|WP:TLIMIT}}

The [[MediaWiki]] software that powers Wikipedia has several parameters that limit the complexity of a page, and the amount of data that can be included. These limits mainly concern data that is [[Wikipedia:Transclusion|transcluded]] or [[Wikipedia:Substitution|substituted]] during expansion of a page, as opposed to data directly in the source of the page itself. This page explains how and why these limits are applied, and how users can work within the limits.

==Background==
===What is this about?===
The [[MediaWiki]] software, which generates the [[HTML]] of a page from its wiki source, uses a [[parser]] to deal with included data. This is done using  a "preprocessor" which converts the wikitext into a data structure known as an XML tree, and then uses this tree to produce "[[m:Help:Expansion|expanded]]" wikitext, where double- and triple-braced structures are replaced by their result.

During the conversion process, the software uses several counters to track the complexity of the page that is being generated. When the parsing of a page begins, these counters are set to zero, but they are incremented during the parsing process, as described below. There are upper limits on these counters, and the parser does not allow these limits to be exceeded.

===Why are there limits?===
Very long or complicated pages are slow to [[Parsing|parse]]. Not only is this an inconvenience for users, but it can also be used to mount a [[Denial-of-service attack|denial of service (DoS) attack]] on the servers, in which a page request forces the MediaWiki software to parse an unreasonably large quantity of data. The limits help to prevent this kind of attack, and ensure that pages are rendered in a reasonable time. (Nevertheless, sometimes a complex page within the limits gives a time-out error; this depends on how busy the servers are.)

===Working within the limits===
When a page reaches the template limits, the most common solution is to make the templates shorter, using methods described below. If this isn't possible, it may be necessary to include more data directly in the page source, rather than transcluding it from templates. On the other hand, a template can help the server avoid doing duplicate work, see below.

===When do problems arise?===
{{See also|Help:Template#Expand limits}}
The inclusion limits are most commonly reached on pages that use the same template many times, for example using one transclusion per row of a long table. Even though the amount of data that the template adds to the final page may be small, it is counted each time the template is used, and so the limit may be encountered sooner than expected.  Pages that only include a few dozen templates are unlikely to exceed the inclusion limits, unless these templates themselves include a lot of data.

===How can you find out?===
Once the page body is processed, an HTML comment is added towards the end of the HTML code of the page with the final values of the various counters. For example, the page [[HIV/AIDS]] (on 8 August 2012) contains the following comment in its generated HTML source:

<source lang="html4strict">
<!--
NewPP limit report
Preprocessor node count: 173488/1000000
Post-expand include size: 1557895/2048000 bytes
Template argument size: 561438/2048000 bytes
Highest expansion depth: 29/40
Expensive parser function count: 7/500
-->
</source>

(On wikis with a Module namespace the items "Lua time usage" and "Lua memory usage" are added to this list.)

Because of the way the counters are increased, the first three counts will usually be less than the limits. If any of these sizes are close to the limit, then it is likely that some of the templates have not been expanded. Each occurrence of an unexpanded template is identified in the page body by an HTML comment containing an error message.

Update 1 April 2013:
<source lang="html4strict">
<!--
NewPP limit report
Preprocessor visited node count: 19190/1000000
Preprocessor generated node count: 94558/1500000
Post-expand include size: 714878/2048000 bytes
Template argument size: 25507/2048000 bytes
Highest expansion depth: 13/40
Expensive parser function count: 13/500
Lua time usage: 0.331s
Lua memory usage: 1.25 MB
-->
</source>

==Expansion==
Templates in non-executed branches of conditional parser functions are not expanded, and therefore not counted. For example, in the code <code><nowiki>{{#if:yes|{{bar}}|{{foo}}}}</nowiki></code>, the template <code><nowiki>{{bar}}</nowiki></code> is expanded, but the template <code><nowiki>{{foo}}</nowiki></code> is not expanded. 
Nevertheless, it is possible for a template argument to contribute to the counts even though it does not appear in the final output. For example, if the code <code><nowiki>{{#if:{{foo}}|yes|no}}</nowiki></code> is parsed, the length of the expanded version of template <code><nowiki>{{foo}}</nowiki></code> will be added to the post-expand counter, because that template must be expanded to decide which branch of the conditional should be selected.

== Preprocessor node count ==
The '''preprocessor node count''' measures the complexity of the page (not the volume of data). As the parser is expanding a page, it creates a data structure known as a tree that corresponds to the HTML structure of the page. Each node of the tree that is visited during expansion is counted towards the preprocessor node count. If this count is exceeded, the parser will abort parsing with the error "Node-count limit exceeded" visible in the generated HTML.

The count starts with 1 for plain text. A pair of nowiki tags counts for 3, a header for 2, etc. A link does not contribute to the count. For the expansion of <code>#switch</code> every checked condition adds 2 to the count.  In the case of multiple expansions of the same template the content of a template without arguments counts only once, but that of a template with arguments (even if constant) counts multiple times. In contrast to this, the result of an expansion can be used multiple times while counting only once if it is assigned to a template parameter, and the template makes multiple use of this parameter.

== Post-expand include size ==
The '''post-expand include size''' is the sum of the lengths of the expanded wikitexts generated by templates, parser functions and variables. Whenever the parser is instructed by the source code of a page to expand a template etc. (that is, to replace it by transclusion or substitution), the parser adds together the length of the expanded wikitext generated by the template etc. and the current counter value of the page. If this sum is more than the '''post-expand limit''', the initial template etc. is not replaced and an error message is added as a comment in the output HTML. Otherwise the post-expand counter is increased to the new value, and parsing continues. A template that is expanded more than once in the page contributes more than once to its post-expand include size.

Template invocations with no arguments have an expanded text cache. So if <code><nowiki>{{foo}}</nowiki></code> includes the second-level meta-template <code><nowiki>{{bar}}</nowiki></code>, then multiple invocations of <code><nowiki>{{foo}}</nowiki></code> will only increment the post-expand include size for the fully-expanded <code><nowiki>{{foo}}</nowiki></code>; the secondary include <code><nowiki>{{bar}}</nowiki></code> is only counted once. But if you included the same template multiple times with <code><nowiki>{{foo|arg}}</nowiki></code>, then the secondary templates are counted each time, even if the argument is the same.

Pages exceeding the post-expand include size limit are automatically added to [[:Category:Pages where template include size is exceeded]].

=== Using comments, noinclude and onlyinclude ===
Only data that survives the preprocessor expansion stage is counted towards the post-expand counter. The length of HTML comments in the wikitext (which are not reproduced in the HTML source produced) is not included in the post-expand counter. Code which is either inside a &lt;noinclude&gt; section or outside an &lt;onlyinclude&gt; section does not get expanded, so these sections do not contribute to the post-expand size. This also means that category tags only contribute if they are included (to categorize pages calling the template).

===Nested transclusions===
Note that the sizes of the wikitexts of all expanded templates and parser functions are added, even in the case of nesting (see [https://bugzilla.wikimedia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=13260 bugzilla 13260]), so extra levels increase the count. If page A transcludes B and B does nothing but transclude C, then the size of C will be counted ''twice'' towards the post-expand include size on page A, and similarly if a template consists of a parser function call, or a parser function has a template call as parameter, etc. This can sometimes be mitigated by letting the parser function produce a template name instead of a template result, e.g. by replacing
<code>
:<nowiki>{{#if:{{{test|}}}|{{template1}}|{{template2}} }}</nowiki>
</code>
with
<code>
:<nowiki>{{ {{#if:{{{test|}}}|template1|template2}} }}.</nowiki>
</code>

==Template argument size==
The "template argument size" counter keeps track of the total length of template arguments that have been substituted. 

Example:

<code><nowiki>{{3x|{{2x|abcde}}}}</nowiki></code> has a template argument size of 40 bytes: the argument <code>{{2x|abcde}}</code> is counted 3 times, the argument <code>abcde</code> twice.

Arguments in the template call which do not match any parameter tag in the template do not count.

If a template contains a switch, use of template arguments beyond a match do not count. Up to and including the matching case, template arguments used on the left of the equals signs count twice. Those on the right of the equals sign count for the matching case only.

Pages exceeding the template argument size limit are automatically added to [[:Category:Pages containing omitted template arguments]].

==Highest expansion depth==
{{expand section}}

==Expensive parser function calls ==
There is a limit of 500 to the '''expensive parser function count''', i.e., the number of calls of expensive [[:mw:Help:Extension:ParserFunctions|parser function]]s, which are (as of revision 53410):
*[[Help:Magic words#Conditional expressions|<nowiki>#</nowiki>ifexist]] – branching depending on whether a particular page exists. If the limit on this counter is exceeded, additional #ifexist calls will act as though the pages they query do not exist.
*[[mw:Help:Magic words#Statistics|PAGESINCATEGORY]]
*[[mw:Help:Magic words#Technical_metadata|PAGESIZE]]

As of November 14, 2013, the parser functions REVISIONUSER and REVISIONTIMESTAMP accept a parameter allowing them to provide data for another page, and those also are expensive when this is specified.

Pages that exceed this limit are automatically categorized into [[:Category:Pages with too many expensive parser function calls]].

see also: [[mw:Manual:$wgExpensiveParserFunctionLimit]]

==#time==
The total length of the format strings of function <code>#time</code> is limited to 6000 characters [http://svn.wikimedia.org/viewvc/mediawiki/trunk/extensions/ParserFunctions/ParserFunctions_body.php?view=markup#l7]. The error message is given by [[MediaWiki:Pfunc time too long]]). For each combination of the expanded wikitext of a format string and the expanded wikitext of an expression for the time (e.g. "1 Mar 2008 -1day"), repeated use is not counted, as the results are cached.

Unfortunately, the count is not in the limit report.

== Special:Expandtemplates ==
When a page exceeds the limits, one crude way to solve the problem is to apply extension [[mw:Extension:ExpandTemplates|ExpandTemplates]] which enables the special page  [[Special:ExpandTemplates]]. As opposed to [[WP:SUBST|substitution]] it recursively expands all levels at once, without the need of specially preparing the templates with the code <code><nowiki>{{{|safesubst:}}}</nowiki></code> or similar (see [[bugzilla:2777|bug 2777]]). This reduces all counts to zero except the preprocessor node count, but even that will typically be reduced to a number that is well within the limit.

==History==
The inclusion limits were put into effect on the English Wikipedia by [[User:Tim Starling|Tim Starling]] on 14 August 2006. A new preprocessor was enabled in January 2008, removing the "pre-expand include limit" and replacing it with a "preprocessor node count" limit.

The practice of using a template documentation page, while it can still be useful for other reasons, is no longer needed for avoiding documentation to be counted on pages that call the template.

==See also==
*[[m:Help:Expansion_depth]]

==References==
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Village_pump_%28technical%29&oldid=70023682#New_template_limits.2C_Special:ExpandTemplates Village pump technical] (discussion now moved to [[Wikipedia talk:Template limits]])
* [http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikipedia-l/2006-August/027271.html Tim's posting on wikipedia-l]
* [[mw:Manual:$wgExpensiveParserFunctionLimit]]

[[Category:Wikipedia templates|{{PAGENAME}}]]