నైపుణ్యం

నైపుణ్యం అంటే నేర్చుకున్న లేదా సహజమైన^[1] సామర్థ్యం, ఇది తరచుగా ఇచ్చిన సమయం, శక్తి లేదా రెండింటిలోనూ మంచి అమలుతో నిర్ణీత ఫలితాలతో పనిచేయగలదు. ^[2] నైపుణ్యాలను తరచుగా డొమైన్-జనరల్, డొమైన్-నిర్దిష్ట నైపుణ్యాలుగా విభజించవచ్చు. సాధారణ నైపుణ్యాలకు కొన్ని ఉదాహరణలలో సమయ నిర్వహణ, జట్టుకృషి^[3] , నాయకత్వం, ^[4], స్వీయ-ప్రేరణ ఉన్నాయి. ^[5] దీనికి విరుద్ధంగా, డొమైన్-నిర్దిష్ట నైపుణ్యాలు ఒక నిర్దిష్ట పనికి మాత్రమే ఉపయోగించబడతాయి, ఉదా. ఇసుక బ్లాస్టర్‌ను నిర్వహించడం. నైపుణ్యం సాధారణంగా కొన్ని పర్యావరణ ఉద్దీపనలు, పరిస్థితుల ద్వారా చూపబడే, ఉపయోగించబడుతున్న నైపుణ్యం స్థాయిని అంచనా వేయడం అవసరం.^[6]

ఒక నైపుణ్యం వైద్య కళ లేదా యుద్ధ కళలో వలె జ్ఞానం లేదా అభ్యాస శాఖను సూచించినప్పుడు దానిని కళ అని పిలుస్తారు.^[7] కళలు కూడా నైపుణ్యాలు అయినప్పటికీ, ఒక కళను ఏర్పరుస్తాయి కానీ లలిత కళలతో సంబంధం లేని అనేక నైపుణ్యాలు ఉన్నాయి.^[8]

ఆధునిక ఆర్థిక వ్యవస్థకు తోడ్పడటానికి ప్రజలకు విస్తృత శ్రేణి నైపుణ్యాలు అవసరం. ASTD, US కార్మిక శాఖ సంయుక్త అధ్యయనం సాంకేతికత ద్వారా, పని ప్రదేశం మారుతోందని చూపించింది. ఉద్యోగులు దానితో మారగల 16 ప్రాథమిక నైపుణ్యాలను గుర్తించింది. ^[9]నైపుణ్యాల యొక్క మూడు విస్తృత వర్గాలు సూచించబడ్డాయి: సాంకేతిక, మానవ, సంభావిత.^[10] మొదటి రెండింటిని వరుసగా కఠినమైన, మృదువైన నైపుణ్యాలతో భర్తీ చేయవచ్చు.^[11]

నైపుణ్యాల ఉదాహరణలు:

విల్లు లేదా తుపాకీ నేర్పుగా వాడగల సామర్థ్యం
ఏ ఇతర భాషనైనా మాట్లాడగల సామర్థ్యం
చదవడం, వ్రాయడం

మూలాలు

↑ Barker, Philip (29 April 2016) [2010]. "Introduction". In Barker, Philip; van Schaik, Paul (eds.). Electronic Performance Support: Using Digital Technology to Enhance Human Ability. A Gower Book (reprint ed.). London: CRC Press. p. 15. ISBN 9781317145219. Retrieved 26 November 2024. The skills that any given individual has can be classified into two basic types: innate and acquired. An innate skill is one which someone possesses as a natural consequence of his/her existence. Examples of innate skills include: the ability to observe one's environment using visual techniques; the recognition of pleasant and unpleasant aromas using one's sense of smell, the sensing of different acoustic stimuli; tactile sensing; and the generation of sonic utterances of various sorts.
↑ Compare: మూస:Oed " 6.a. Capability of accomplishing something with precision and certainty; practical knowledge in combination with ability; cleverness, expertness. Also, an ability to perform a function, acquired or learnt with practice [...].
↑ Hepp, Nicolas; Starling, Riley Lynn; Elbracht, Greta; Miriam Sneha Rajkumar; Win Khant; Wang, Pengji (4 August 2023). "Contemporary Employability Norms for Guest-Facing Hospitality Workers: Some Empirical Evidence During Covid-19". In Eijdenberg, Emiel L.; Mukherjee, Malobi; Wood, Jacob (eds.). Innovation-Driven Business and Sustainability in the Tropics: Proceedings of the Sustainability, Economics, Innovation, Globalisation and Organisational Psychology Conference 2023 (SEIGOP 2023). Singapore: Springer Nature. p. 338. ISBN 9789819929092. Retrieved 26 November 2024. If the emotional dynamics of a team can be considered part of teamwork as a skill, then there is strong support for teamwork as the top quality in the employability framework.
↑ Northouse, Peter G. (29 November 2023). "Understanding Leadership". Introduction to Leadership: Concepts and Practice (6 ed.). Thousand Oaks, California: SAGE Publications. pp. 2–3. ISBN 9781071884966. LCCN 2023038761. Retrieved 26 November 2024. [...] six distinct ways of conceptualizing leadership are discussed, including leadership as a trait, an ability, a skill, a behavior, a relationship, and an influence process. [...] Conceptualized as a skill , leadership is a competency developed to accomplish a task effectively. Skilled leaders are competent people who know the means and methods for carrying out their responsibilities.
↑ Lussier, Robert N. (26 November 2015). "Motivating for High Performance". Management Fundamentals: Concepts, Applications, and Skill Development (7 ed.). Thousand Oaks, California. p. SAGE Publications. ISBN 9781506303291. Retrieved 26 November 2024. Company recruiters value the skill of self-motivation and drive to succeed.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
↑ White, Melissa (June 2007). "Book Reviews: Chris Warhurst, Irena Grugulis and Ewart Keep (eds) The Skills That Matter Basingstoke: Palgrave MacMillan, 2004, 272 pp. ISBN: 1—4039—0639—4". Work, Employment and Society. 21 (2): 381–382. doi:10.1177/09500170070210021205. ISSN 0950-0170.
↑ మూస:Cite Merriam-Webster
↑ King, Catherine R. P.; McCall, Madelon (2024-04-02). "How the fine arts create the finest students: A design thinking study". Higher Education Quarterly. 78 (3): 1162–1174. doi:10.1111/hequ.12521. ISSN 0951-5224.
↑ "Publications and Research Search Results, Employment & Training Administration (ETA)". wdr.doleta.gov. U.S. Department of Labor. Archived from the original on 28 ఏప్రిల్ 2018. Retrieved 28 ఏప్రిల్ 2018.
↑ Sommerville, Kerry (2007). Hospitality Employee Management and Supervision: Concepts and Practical Applications. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. pp. 328. ISBN 9780471745228.
↑ Rao, M.S. (2010). Soft Skills - Enhancing Employability: Connecting Campus with Corporate. New Delhi: I. K. International Publishing House Pvt Ltd. p. 225. ISBN 9789380578385. Both technical and human skills can be substituted by hard and soft skills respectively in the present context.

[1] Barker, Philip (29 April 2016) [2010]. "Introduction". In Barker, Philip; van Schaik, Paul (eds.). Electronic Performance Support: Using Digital Technology to Enhance Human Ability. A Gower Book (reprint ed.). London: CRC Press. p. 15. ISBN 9781317145219. Retrieved 26 November 2024. The skills that any given individual has can be classified into two basic types: innate and acquired. An innate skill is one which someone possesses as a natural consequence of his/her existence. Examples of innate skills include: the ability to observe one's environment using visual techniques; the recognition of pleasant and unpleasant aromas using one's sense of smell, the sensing of different acoustic stimuli; tactile sensing; and the generation of sonic utterances of various sorts.

[2] Compare: మూస:Oed " 6.a. Capability of accomplishing something with precision and certainty; practical knowledge in combination with ability; cleverness, expertness. Also, an ability to perform a function, acquired or learnt with practice [...].

[3] Hepp, Nicolas; Starling, Riley Lynn; Elbracht, Greta; Miriam Sneha Rajkumar; Win Khant; Wang, Pengji (4 August 2023). "Contemporary Employability Norms for Guest-Facing Hospitality Workers: Some Empirical Evidence During Covid-19". In Eijdenberg, Emiel L.; Mukherjee, Malobi; Wood, Jacob (eds.). Innovation-Driven Business and Sustainability in the Tropics: Proceedings of the Sustainability, Economics, Innovation, Globalisation and Organisational Psychology Conference 2023 (SEIGOP 2023). Singapore: Springer Nature. p. 338. ISBN 9789819929092. Retrieved 26 November 2024. If the emotional dynamics of a team can be considered part of teamwork as a skill, then there is strong support for teamwork as the top quality in the employability framework.

[4] Northouse, Peter G. (29 November 2023). "Understanding Leadership". Introduction to Leadership: Concepts and Practice (6 ed.). Thousand Oaks, California: SAGE Publications. pp. 2–3. ISBN 9781071884966. LCCN 2023038761. Retrieved 26 November 2024. [...] six distinct ways of conceptualizing leadership are discussed, including leadership as a trait, an ability, a skill, a behavior, a relationship, and an influence process. [...] Conceptualized as a skill , leadership is a competency developed to accomplish a task effectively. Skilled leaders are competent people who know the means and methods for carrying out their responsibilities.

[5] Lussier, Robert N. (26 November 2015). "Motivating for High Performance". Management Fundamentals: Concepts, Applications, and Skill Development (7 ed.). Thousand Oaks, California. p. SAGE Publications. ISBN 9781506303291. Retrieved 26 November 2024. Company recruiters value the skill of self-motivation and drive to succeed.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)

[6] White, Melissa (June 2007). "Book Reviews: Chris Warhurst, Irena Grugulis and Ewart Keep (eds) The Skills That Matter Basingstoke: Palgrave MacMillan, 2004, 272 pp. ISBN: 1—4039—0639—4". Work, Employment and Society. 21 (2): 381–382. doi:10.1177/09500170070210021205. ISSN 0950-0170.

[7] మూస:Cite Merriam-Webster

[8] King, Catherine R. P.; McCall, Madelon (2024-04-02). "How the fine arts create the finest students: A design thinking study". Higher Education Quarterly. 78 (3): 1162–1174. doi:10.1111/hequ.12521. ISSN 0951-5224.

[9] "Publications and Research Search Results, Employment & Training Administration (ETA)". wdr.doleta.gov. U.S. Department of Labor. Archived from the original on 28 ఏప్రిల్ 2018. Retrieved 28 ఏప్రిల్ 2018.

[10] Sommerville, Kerry (2007). Hospitality Employee Management and Supervision: Concepts and Practical Applications. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. pp. 328. ISBN 9780471745228.

[11] Rao, M.S. (2010). Soft Skills - Enhancing Employability: Connecting Campus with Corporate. New Delhi: I. K. International Publishing House Pvt Ltd. p. 225. ISBN 9789380578385. Both technical and human skills can be substituted by hard and soft skills respectively in the present context.

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