వేదిక:భారతీయ రైల్వేలు

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భారతీయ రైలు రవాణా వ్యవస్థ in భారత దేశము is one of the most common modes of long-distance transport. Rail operations are largely run by a state-owned company, భారతీయ రైల్వేలు. The rail network traverses the length and width of the country, covering a total length of 63,140 km (39,233 miles). It is said to be the ప్రపంచంలో 4 వ అతిపెద్ద రైల్వే నెట్వర్క్, transporting over 7 billion passengers and over 350 million tonnes of freight annually. Its operations cover twenty-five states and three union territories and also link the neighbouring countries of Nepal, Bangladesh and Pakistan. Railways were introduced to India in 1853, and by the time of India's independence in 1947 they had grown to forty-two rail systems. In 1951 the systems were nationalised as one unit—Indian Railways—to form one of the largest networks in the world. Locomotives manufactured at several places in India are assigned codes identifying their gauge, kind of power and type of operation. Colour signal lights are used as signals, but in some remote areas of operation, the older semaphores and discs-based signalling are still in use. Accommodation classes range from general through first class AC. Trains have been classified according to speed and area of operation. Many trains are officially identified by a four-digit code, though many are commonly known by unique names also. The ticketing system has been computerised to a large extent, and there are reserved as well as unreserved categories of tickets.

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The Mountain Railways of India refer to the five railway lines built in the mountains of India in the nineteenth and early twentieth century, during the British Raj, which are run even today by the Indian Railways. Three out of these five railways, the Darjeeling Himalayan Railway (1881), the Kalka-Shimla Railway (1898) and the Kangra Valley Railway (1924), are located in the rugged hill regions of the Himalayas of Northern India and the other two are much further south in the Western Ghats; the Nilgiri Mountain Railway in Southern India, and the Matheran Hill Railway in Maharashtra. The Darjeeling Himalayan Railway, the Nilgiri Mountain Railway and the Kalka-Shimla Railway have been collectively designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site entitled "Mountain Railways of India". These five railways in India are part of around twenty similar lines of narrow gauge and metre gauge found in the world. All the five railway lines are still operational and connect to important hill resorts, from foothills, winding through rugged and scenic mountainous terrains. Given the terrain that they were constructed on, in the British colonial period they were considered, "outstanding examples of the interchange of values on development in technology" and engineering marvels.
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The Beyer Garratt 6594 Engine at the National Rail Museum
The Beyer Garratt 6594 Engine at the National Rail Museum
The Bengal Nagpur Railway class N No. 815, in National Rail Museum, is a Beyer Garratt articulated locomotive, 4-8-0+0-8-4. It was built in Manchester by Beyer Peacock & Co Ltd. It is one of the only two of its kind, which survive now. The other, Class N No. 811, is operational at Kharagpur Workshop.
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2024 in rail transport in India

  • July 20 – The government of Andra Pradesh announces that among the eight companies that submitted proposals, Larsen & Toubro is the preferred bidder for construction of the Hyderabad Metro in India, costing a proposed 122 billion. The state and federal governments will each finance 20% of the project while Larsen & Toubro will finance the remaining 60%. The project is expected to be completed in 2014. (Railway Gazette)
  • June 6 - Passengers of the Hazrat Nizamuddin-Visakhapatnam Samata Express had a narrow escape when its engine derailed near Arand railway station in Chhattisgarh, but no one was injured. Rail services through the track were affected for about five hours due to the derailment at an area between Arand and Bhimkhoj stations in Raipur section. The cause of derailment is yet to be ascertained, officials said.The Hindu
  • May 28 - At least 148 people were killed and more than 200 got injured after the Mumbai bound Gyaneshwari Express ,from Howrah Station, with 13 passenger coaches, was derailed by an explosion on the tracks and collided with another train as it traveled through the Paschim Medinipur district in West Bengal. The Naxalite-Maoist Group, which is suspected to have derailed the train which threw five of its carriages into the path of an oncoming goods train, however, deny the allegation.(Times of India) (BBC)


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The Union Pacific Railroad (UP) (NYSE: UNP), headquartered in Omaha, Nebraska, is the largest railroad network in the United States. James R. Young is president, CEO and Chairman. UP's route map covers most of the central and western United States west of Chicago and New Orleans. As of December 31, 2008 UP operates on 32,012 మైళ్లు (51,518 కి.మీ.) of track, of which it owns outright26,171 మైళ్లు (42,118 కి.మీ.). It has achieved this size as a result of purchasing a large number of other railroads, notably the Missouri Pacific, Chicago and North Western, Western Pacific, Missouri-Kansas-Texas, and the Southern Pacific (including the Rio Grande). Currently, Union Pacific owns 26% of Ferromex while Grupo Mexico owns the remaining 74%. UP's chief railroad competitor is the BNSF Railway, which covers much of the same territory.

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