మూస:ఫాస్ఫరస్ మూలకము

ఫాస్ఫరస్, ₀₀P
ఫాస్ఫరస్
Pronunciation	/ˈfɒsfərəs/ (FOS-fər-əs)
Allotropes	white, red, violet, black and others (see Allotropes of phosphorus)
Appearance	colourless, waxy white, yellow, scarlet, red, violet, black
Standard atomic weight Ar°(P)
	30.973761998±0.000000005; 30.974±0.001 (abridged);
ఫాస్ఫరస్ in the periodic table
	సిలికాన్ ← ఫాస్ఫరస్ → సల్ఫర్
Group	మూస:Infobox element/symbol-to-group/format
Period	period 3
Block	p-block
Electron configuration	[Ne] 3s2 3p3
Electrons per shell	2, 8, 5
Physical properties
Phase at STP	solid
Density (near r.t.)	(white) 1.823, (red) ≈ 2.2 – 2.34, (violet) 2.36, (black) 2.69 g/cm3
Triple point	; (red) 862.7 K, 4367 kPa
Heat of fusion	(white) 0.66 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporisation	(white) 12.4 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	(white); 23.824 J/(mol·K)
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	−3, −2, −1, 0, +1, +2, +3, +4, +5 (a mildly acidic oxide)
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 2.19
Ionisation energies	(more);
Covalent radius	107±3 pm
Van der Waals radius	180 pm
	Spectral lines of ఫాస్ఫరస్
Other properties
Natural occurrence	primordial
Crystal structure	simple triclinic
Thermal conductivity	(white) 0.236, (black) 12.1 W/(m⋅K)
Magnetic ordering	(white, red, violet, black) diamagnetic
Bulk modulus	(white) 5, (red) 11 GPa
CAS Number	7723-14-0 (red); 12185-10-3 (white)
History
Discovery	Hennig Brand (1669)
Recognized as an element by	Antoine Lavoisier (1777)
Isotopes of ఫాస్ఫరస్ v; e;
	Template:infobox ఫాస్ఫరస్ isotopes does not exist
	Category: ఫాస్ఫరస్; view; talk; edit; \| references

References

↑ "Standard Atomic Weights: Phosphorus". CIAAW. 2013.
↑ Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; et al. (2022-05-04). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry (in ఇంగ్లీష్). doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN 1365-3075.
↑ Wang, Yuzhong; Xie, Yaoming; Wei, Pingrong; King, R. Bruce; Schaefer, Iii; Schleyer, Paul v. R.; Robinson, Gregory H. (2008). "Carbene-Stabilized Diphosphorus". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 130 (45): 14970–1. doi:10.1021/ja807828t. PMID 18937460.
↑ Ellis, Bobby D.; MacDonald, Charles L. B. (2006). "Phosphorus(I) Iodide: A Versatile Metathesis Reagent for the Synthesis of Low Oxidation State Phosphorus Compounds". Inorganic Chemistry. 45 (17): 6864–74. doi:10.1021/ic060186o. PMID 16903744.
↑ Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds, in Lide, D. R., ed. (2005). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (86th ed.). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0486-5.
↑ cf. "Memoir on Combustion in General" Mémoires de l'Académie Royale des Sciences 1777, 592–600. from Henry Marshall Leicester and Herbert S. Klickstein, A Source Book in Chemistry 1400–1900 (New York: McGraw Hill, 1952)
↑ webelements
↑ Ellis, Bobby D.; MacDonald, Charles L. B. (2006). "Phosphorus(I) Iodide: A Versatile Metathesis Reagent for the Synthesis of Low Oxidation State Phosphorus Compounds". Inorganic Chemistry. 45 (17): 6864–74. doi:10.1021/ic060186o. PMID 16903744.

[1] "Standard Atomic Weights: Phosphorus". CIAAW. 2013.

[CIAAW2021-2] Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; et al. (2022-05-04). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry (in ఇంగ్లీష్). doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN 1365-3075.

[3] Wang, Yuzhong; Xie, Yaoming; Wei, Pingrong; King, R. Bruce; Schaefer, Iii; Schleyer, Paul v. R.; Robinson, Gregory H. (2008). "Carbene-Stabilized Diphosphorus". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 130 (45): 14970–1. doi:10.1021/ja807828t. PMID 18937460.

[4] Ellis, Bobby D.; MacDonald, Charles L. B. (2006). "Phosphorus(I) Iodide: A Versatile Metathesis Reagent for the Synthesis of Low Oxidation State Phosphorus Compounds". Inorganic Chemistry. 45 (17): 6864–74. doi:10.1021/ic060186o. PMID 16903744.

[5] Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds, in Lide, D. R., ed. (2005). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (86th ed.). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0486-5.

[6] . "Memoir on Combustion in General" Mémoires de l'Académie Royale des Sciences 1777, 592–600. from Henry Marshall Leicester and Herbert S. Klickstein, A Source Book in Chemistry 1400–1900 (New York: McGraw Hill, 1952)

[7] webelements

[8] Ellis, Bobby D.; MacDonald, Charles L. B. (2006). "Phosphorus(I) Iodide: A Versatile Metathesis Reagent for the Synthesis of Low Oxidation State Phosphorus Compounds". Inorganic Chemistry. 45 (17): 6864–74. doi:10.1021/ic060186o. PMID 16903744.

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