బంగారం, 00Au |
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| Appearance | metallic yellow |
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| Group | మూస:Infobox element/symbol-to-group/format |
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| Period | period 6 |
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| Block | d-block |
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| Electron configuration | [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s1 |
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| Electrons per shell | 2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 1 |
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| Phase at STP | solid |
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| Melting point | 1337.33 K (1064.18 °C, 1947.52 °F) |
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| Boiling point | 3129 K (2856 °C, 5173 °F) |
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| Density (near r.t.) | 19.30 g/cm3 |
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| when liquid (at m.p.) | 17.31 g/cm3 |
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| Heat of fusion | 12.55 kJ/mol |
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| Heat of vaporization | 324 kJ/mol |
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| Molar heat capacity | 25.418 J/(mol·K) |
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Vapor pressure
| P (Pa)
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1
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10
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100
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1 k
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10 k
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100 k
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| at T (K)
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1646
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1814
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2021
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2281
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2620
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3078
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| Oxidation states | −3, −2, −1, 0,[3] +1, +2, +3, +5 (an amphoteric oxide) |
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| Electronegativity | Pauling scale: 2.54 |
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| Atomic radius | empirical: 144 pm |
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| Covalent radius | 136±6 pm |
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| Van der Waals radius | 166 pm |
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 Spectral lines of బంగారం |
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| Natural occurrence | primordial |
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| Crystal structure | face centered cubic |
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| Speed of sound thin rod | 2030 m/s (at r.t.) |
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| Thermal expansion | 14.2 µm/(m⋅K) (at 25 °C) |
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| Thermal conductivity | 318 W/(m⋅K) |
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| Electrical resistivity | 22.14 n Ω⋅m (at 20 °C) |
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| Magnetic ordering | diamagnetic[4] |
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| Young's modulus | 79 GPa |
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| Shear modulus | 27 GPa |
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| Bulk modulus | 180[ఆధారం చూపాలి] GPa |
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| Poisson ratio | 0.44 |
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| Mohs hardness | 2.5 |
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| Vickers hardness | 216 MPa |
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| Brinell hardness | 25 HB = ?? MPa |
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| CAS Number | 7440-57-5 |
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| Discovery | Middle Easterns (before 6000 BC) |
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| Symbol | "Au": from Latin aurum |
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| Template:infobox బంగారం isotopes does not exist |
 Category: బంగారం
| references |
References
These references will appear in the article, but this list appears only on this page.
- ↑ "Standard Atomic Weights: Gold". CIAAW. 2017.
- ↑ Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; et al. (2022-05-04). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry (in ఇంగ్లీష్). doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN 1365-3075.
- ↑ Mézaille, Nicolas; Avarvari, Narcis; Maigrot, Nicole; Ricard, Louis; Mathey, François; Le Floch, Pascal; Cataldo, Laurent; Berclaz, Théo; Geoffroy, Michel (1999). "Gold(I) and Gold(0) Complexes of Phosphinine‐Based Macrocycles". Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 38 (21): 3194–3197. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1521-3773(19991102)38:21<3194::AID-ANIE3194>3.0.CO;2-O. PMID 10556900.
- ↑ Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds in Lide, D. R., ed. (2005). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (86th ed.). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0486-5.
