మూస:Infobox neodymium

నియోడిమియం, ₀₀Nd
నియోడిమియం
Pronunciation	/ˌniːoʊˈdɪmiəm/ (NEE-oh-DIM-ee-əm)
Appearance	silvery white
Standard atomic weight Ar°(Nd)
	144.242±0.003; 144.24±0.01 (abridged);
నియోడిమియం in the periodic table
Group	f-block groups (no number)
Period	period 6
Block
Electrons per shell	2, 8, 18, 22, 8, 2
Physical properties
Phase at STP	solid
Melting point	1297 K (1024 °C, 1875 °F)
Boiling point	3347 K (3074 °C, 5565 °F)
Density (near r.t.)	7.01 g/cm3
when liquid (at m.p.)	6.89 g/cm3
Heat of fusion	7.14 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization	289 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	27.45 J/(mol·K)
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	0, +2, +3, +4 (a mildly basic oxide)
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 1.14
Atomic radius	empirical: 181 pm
Covalent radius	201±6 pm
Other properties
Natural occurrence	primordial
Crystal structure	hexagonal
Speed of sound thin rod	2330 m/s (at 20 °C)
Thermal expansion	(r.t.) (α, poly) 9.6 µm/(m⋅K)
Thermal conductivity	16.5 W/(m⋅K)
Electrical resistivity	(r.t.) (α, poly) 643 n Ω⋅m
Magnetic ordering	paramagnetic, antiferromagnetic below 20 K
Young's modulus	(α form) 41.4 GPa
Shear modulus	(α form) 16.3 GPa
Bulk modulus	(α form) 31.8 GPa
Poisson ratio	(α form) 0.281
Vickers hardness	343 MPa
Brinell hardness	265 MPa
CAS Number	7440-00-8
History
Discovery	Carl Auer von Welsbach (1885)
Isotopes of నియోడిమియం v; e;
	Template:infobox నియోడిమియం isotopes does not exist
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References

↑ "Standard Atomic Weights: Neodymium". CIAAW. 2005.
↑ Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; et al. (2022-05-04). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry (in ఇంగ్లీష్). doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN 1365-3075.
↑ Yttrium and all lanthanides except Ce and Pm have been observed in the oxidation state 0 in bis(1,3,5-tri-t-butylbenzene) complexes, see Cloke, F. Geoffrey N. (1993). "Zero Oxidation State Compounds of Scandium, Yttrium, and the Lanthanides". Chem. Soc. Rev. 22: 17–24. doi:10.1039/CS9932200017. and Arnold, Polly L.; Petrukhina, Marina A.; Bochenkov, Vladimir E.; Shabatina, Tatyana I.; Zagorskii, Vyacheslav V.; Cloke (2003-12-15). "Arene complexation of Sm, Eu, Tm and Yb atoms: a variable temperature spectroscopic investigation". Journal of Organometallic Chemistry. 688 (1–2): 49–55. doi:10.1016/j.jorganchem.2003.08.028.
↑ Gschneidner, K. A.; Eyring, L. (1978). Handbook on the Physics and Chemistry of Rare Earths. Amsterdam: North Holland. ISBN 0444850228.